群体为什么不能有效共享信息
Posted on 十一月 19, 2009 | Category: 社会, 网络
译者：Fima 原文见此
“不，漏水可不在议事日程上。”
1985年, Stasser和Titus发表了一项顶级水平的心理学研究。该研究不仅为了解群体如何交流和决策带来了新的启迪，而且令人感到吃惊、困惑和好奇。说也奇怪，一开始，这项研究结果看起来肯定不对，但到后来却似乎明显是正确的，随后，人们的注意力开始转向该怎么应对这类现象。
他们的研究结果相当直截了当，并且与很多决策研究一样，使人类脆弱的自我又一次遭受了打击。他们发现，群体中的成员在做决策的过程中，耗费大部分时间诉说那些所有人都已经知道的事情，却很少提及那些只有他们自己才知道的新信息。结果很明显：糟糕的决定。
Stasser和Titus（1985年）研究的参与者刚好需要做一个相对轻松的决定——谁来担任学生会主席，而后续研究则检验了各种各样的其他情景。实验者要求人们选择一份工作的最佳人选（Wittenbaum, 1998年）、投资的最好形式（Hollingshead, 1996年）以及一宗谋杀案的凶手（Stasser 和 Stewart, 1992年）。
实验结果一再显示，人们很难找出最佳人选、做出最好的投资或者挑出真正的凶手。当要求集体做决定时，人们倾向于重复大家都已经知道的信息，而不是分享那些只有他们本人才知道的关键信息。
解释原因
这些研究结果乍看起来非常违反直觉。人们当然应该非常积极地在讨论中引入新的信息，而不只是重复老一套，不是吗？不管怎样，如果不能共享信息，这个群体就是在自取灭亡。研究结果对这种奇怪的行为提供了三种可信的解释（Wittenbaum等, 2004年）：
1. 记忆。共享的信息可能在一开始更容易记住，因此较容易被人提及。而且，如果在某个群体中，知道某一信息的人越多（不管是由于容易记住还是别的什么原因），就越容易让人在讨论中想起这一信息。
2. 预判。在开始群体讨论之前，人们已经不同程度地有了自己的主意。他们产生预判的基础很可能是人人都知道的信息。随后，当群体讨论开始的时候，不管是有意还是无心，人们总是倾向于只提到那些能够支持他们预先判断的信息。想不到啊想不到，大家说的都一样。
3. 焦虑。在会谈之前，人们不确定自己掌握的信息到底有多重要，同时他们也急于得到群体其他成员的肯定。在会谈过程中团队分享的信息通常被认为更加重要，因此被人们反复提到。当人们讨论共有信息而不是独有信息时，他们在别人眼中就更能干（Wittenbaum和Bowman, 2004年）。为保险起见，人们选择反复谈论那些大家都已知道的事情，奇怪的是，别人因此更喜欢他们。
这几点加起来能够初步解释为什么人们很可能无法分享那些他们独有的信息。
训练有素的医生也好不到哪去
不过，对实验结果还有第四种可能的解释。也许实验参与者没有接受过如何分享信息的专门训练。毕竟他们大多是在校大学生——或许那些经验丰富、训练有素的人的表现会好一些？
这正是为什么Larson等（1998年）决定对一群医生进行测试的原因，这些医生接受过如何汇聚不同渠道的信息以便做出诊断的职业训练。实验请到了25名医生参加，他们三人一组，需要为两个虚拟的病例提供诊治方案。首先，每位参加者单独观看了一段录像，录像中的一名病人与其医生（由演员饰演）谈论自己的症状。不过，每位参加者观看的录像和其他人相比都略有不同，因此，有些信息透露给了诊断小组的全部三名成员，而有些信息则只透露给个人。
实验经过精心设计，只有在医生们分享那些仅他们本人才知道的有关病人的信息时，整个小组才有可能做出准确的诊断。然而，实验人员发现，经典的一幕再次上演，参加者们将更多的时间用在讨论那些共有而不是独有的信息上。那些未能汇集每个成员独有信息的群体对病情了解得不够全面，因此他们做出的诊断也不够精确。
考虑到实验的参加者是经过专门训练的决策者，这样的结果尤具戏剧性。
如何鼓励人们分享
很自然地，自从Stasser和Titus（1985年）首次在实验中发现这一现象以来，研究者们一直在寻找如何鼓励人们分享独有信息的办法。有些群体的成员之间确实趋向于分享更多独有的重要信息，这些群体拥有以下特点（引自Wittenbaum等, 2004年）：
§ 成员之间存在分歧而且团体迷思（groupthink）现象较少的群体更有可能分享独有信息。
§ 当人们在会谈之前被要求尽力回忆相关信息时，他们更有可能提到那些只有自己才知道的事实。
§ 应使群体成员知道彼此的专长，这样他们大体知道其他人知道些什么。
§ 会谈持续的时间越长，人们越有可能回忆起从前未经分享的信息。（一声叹息……）
§ 在群体中的地位越高的人，就越有可能分享。所以，为鼓励地位较低的成员分享信息，应当特意让群体知晓他们的专长。
下次当你参加决策会议时，试着留意整个群体是否在老生常谈。当会议了无新意时，或许上文提到的一些技巧能够派上用场。
现实如何？
虽然心理学家希望实验场景能反映真实世界的情况，但事实却并非如此。在现实生活中，情况要更加复杂。Wittenbaum等 (2004年) 为我们提供了一个对真实世界中群体决策过程感到悲观的理由，以及两个乐观的理由。
先说坏消息。和实验场景相比，在现实世界中，每个人都有着自己的目标，这些个人目标可能与群体目标相冲突。这可能会直接导致他们不去分享信息，或者导致他们仅以能够推进自身目标的方式来分享信息。这种情况很难遏止。
接下来是好消息。上述大部分研究都假定只有少数人才知道的信息对于决策具有重要意义。在现实世界中并不总是如此。而且，人们可能在群体会议之外直接与其他人分享那些自己不是很有把握的信息。当涉及到的信息比较敏感或其价值不确定时，这种情况更有可能发生。
因此，或许现实中的群体决策所受影响并不像实验证据显示的那么严重。尽管如此，我仍然禁不住想起英国情景喜剧《是，首相》中的一个经典片段，剧中的首相询问他所不知道的外交部机密是什么，他的首席私人秘书伯纳德就此回答道：
“我可以澄清一下您的问题吗？您是在问谁会知道那些我不知道您不知道可外交部知道他们知道的事，他们瞒着您，结果您不知道，可他们的确知道，而我们都知道有的事我们不知道并且想知道。我们不知道是什么事因为我们不知道。对吗？”
嗯，很对。
【校对stony说：“这个译者真靠谱啊！基本没有知识型错误，只在中文行文上做了些许改动。Fima同学也非常认真，为了一段引用的话特意去Youtube听原文的断句，撒花！”——是给5朵小红花吧～】
254 Responses to “群体为什么不能有效共享信息”
Leave a Reply
You must be logged in to post a comment.
-
【你们的】青年文化网
-
品牌合作
如果您有广告投放，商务合作的需求，请联系：QQ：1202143 tel:13426300364 1202636@163.com
十一月 19th, 2009 at 13:49
群体中的成员在做决策的过程中，耗费大部分时间诉说那些所有人都已经知道的事情，却很少提及那些只有他们自己才知道的新信息。结果很明显：糟糕的决定。
二月 3rd, 2010 at 19:47
Ln8ujA iuxrxotybqpd, [url=http://egssxfseisxo.com/]egssxfseisxo[/url], [link=http://zmhqnjzsvenk.com/]zmhqnjzsvenk[/link], http://monmndakacpj.com/
五月 3rd, 2010 at 03:54
Online shopping provides consumers with many benefits. Many people have discovered the advantages of online shopping and hence, prefer to use this mode of shopping to buy their goods. This explains why there is an increasing number of people using online shopping. At times, besides being able to obtain their goods faster through shopping online, they can get their goods at prices lower than those offered by physical retail stores.
五月 15th, 2011 at 15:48
Tks…
I’ve visited many blogs,forums, but this time:How your fantastic forum is . It makes me surprise….
五月 16th, 2011 at 07:52
Hey {this is a|this can be a|it is a} {real|actual} cool {website|web site}…
Hey I discovered this web site to be actually interesting! Bookmarked!…
五月 24th, 2011 at 03:52
Sears Printable Coupons…
It is always advisable to have printable coupons which you can download and print them instead of going for purchasing the coupons physically….
五月 24th, 2011 at 08:46
Title…
Found your site on Google!…
五月 25th, 2011 at 20:57
Notice :…
[...]important information about the use of ban[...]…..
五月 26th, 2011 at 04:32
Warning :…
[...]important information about the use of ban[...]…..
五月 26th, 2011 at 11:05
Title…
I saw this really great post today:…
五月 26th, 2011 at 17:35
How to buy replacement Windows?…
If you would like to buy replacement windows, then you need to know how to go about it to make the best choice….
五月 29th, 2011 at 01:18
Solar Power For Homes…
[...]we can bypass this difficulty by means of generating our very own power from the sun for houses simply by using a homemade cheap residential solar panels specifically designed for the purpose of homes……
五月 29th, 2011 at 06:55
Solar Panels For Homes…
[...]Homemade solar power panels for the house changed as the definite alternate at the rising necessities related to household electric power……
五月 29th, 2011 at 13:07
Evergreen…
Wow, marvelous weblog layout! How long have you been blogging for? you make running a blog glance easy. The full look of your website is wonderful, as smartly the content!…
五月 29th, 2011 at 15:26
Thermogenic Fat Burners…
[...]are really nutritionary supplementation which actually work well to help one’s body lessen excess body fats. The idea in terms of these types of weight reduction supplements is that they help shift body fat out of storage after which allow the bo…
五月 30th, 2011 at 00:27
More Info For Me…
Is it possible you further expand this kindly? …
五月 30th, 2011 at 23:14
Evergreen…
Wow, incredible blog layout! How long have you been running a blog for? you made running a blog glance easy. The full look of your web site is fantastic, let alone the content material!…
五月 31st, 2011 at 22:03
Official Colon Cleanse…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]…
五月 31st, 2011 at 23:42
Colon Cleanse Health…
[...]we like to honor other sites on the web, even if they aren’t related to us, by linking to them. Below are some sites worth checking out[...]…
六月 1st, 2011 at 00:31
Get Healthy With A Colon Cleanse…
[...]just below, are some totally unrelated sites to ours, however, they are definitely worth checking out[...]…
六月 1st, 2011 at 16:42
Used Transmissions For Sale…
[...]most of the people think of selling their vehicles together with changing it with an all new one just for anxiety about the upkeep and even maintenance expenses……
六月 1st, 2011 at 19:33
Transmission Rebuild Kits…
[...]transmission rebuild kits can vary per car brand name or over the discretion from the retail merchant. The next thing bear in mind is a cost allowance……
六月 4th, 2011 at 03:38
The best website……
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
六月 4th, 2011 at 04:27
The best website……
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
六月 4th, 2011 at 12:59
Nice Site…
[…] … great article that everyone should read […] …
六月 5th, 2011 at 00:09
Please read my blog too!…
I enjoyed reading yours!…
六月 5th, 2011 at 00:16
Trackback Link…
[…] … great article that everyone should read […] …
六月 5th, 2011 at 11:59
Trackback Link…
[…] … great article that everyone should read […] …
六月 5th, 2011 at 12:53
Trackback Link…
[…] … great article that everyone should read […] …
六月 9th, 2011 at 13:00
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
六月 10th, 2011 at 16:10
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
六月 11th, 2011 at 00:56
Great Post…
I saw this really great post today….
六月 11th, 2011 at 16:18
Outstanding……
Had to share this info……
六月 11th, 2011 at 19:10
Related…Trackback…
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
六月 15th, 2011 at 13:43
Great Post…
I saw this really great post today….
六月 30th, 2011 at 05:24
Great Site……
[...]check this out as this contains important information about[...]…
六月 30th, 2011 at 11:42
The best website……
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
七月 1st, 2011 at 16:09
The best website……
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
七月 2nd, 2011 at 04:27
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
七月 7th, 2011 at 06:59
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
七月 9th, 2011 at 18:07
Sources Trackback Link…
[...]check below, are some totally unrelated websites to ours, however, they are most trustworthy sources that we use[...]……
七月 10th, 2011 at 08:40
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
七月 10th, 2011 at 20:51
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article is some of the best available [...]……
七月 12th, 2011 at 00:50
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
七月 13th, 2011 at 08:41
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
七月 14th, 2011 at 04:44
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
七月 14th, 2011 at 06:18
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
七月 15th, 2011 at 15:33
Herbal Healers – Alcachofa…
Find out the amazing medical benefits this natural herb has to offer….
七月 16th, 2011 at 02:49
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
七月 16th, 2011 at 13:28
More Info For Me…
[...]Can you further elaborate this if possible[...]……
七月 16th, 2011 at 18:23
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
七月 17th, 2011 at 00:31
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
七月 17th, 2011 at 03:39
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
七月 17th, 2011 at 17:12
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
七月 19th, 2011 at 15:58
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
七月 19th, 2011 at 19:13
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
七月 20th, 2011 at 16:15
Sources Trackback Link…
[...]check below, are some totally unrelated websites to ours, however, they are most trustworthy sources that we use[...]……
七月 22nd, 2011 at 02:50
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
七月 26th, 2011 at 22:38
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
七月 27th, 2011 at 17:38
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
七月 31st, 2011 at 15:59
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
七月 31st, 2011 at 19:18
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
八月 1st, 2011 at 05:32
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 1st, 2011 at 12:55
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
八月 6th, 2011 at 03:00
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you might obtain the hyperlink to some web sites that we think you ought to visit[...]……
八月 6th, 2011 at 19:02
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
八月 6th, 2011 at 19:26
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 8th, 2011 at 10:47
Comment…
I was very pleased to find this website. I wanted to thank you for your time for this wonderful post!! I definitely enjoy reading it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you blog post….
八月 10th, 2011 at 03:24
Comment…
This was a great post, thanks for the info….
八月 10th, 2011 at 03:32
Comment…
That is a great point to bring up. Thanks for the post….
八月 10th, 2011 at 03:45
Comment…
Thanks for spending the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. …
八月 10th, 2011 at 03:48
Comment…
Can I simply say what a relief to find someone who truly knows what they’re talking about on the internet. …
八月 11th, 2011 at 05:14
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
八月 12th, 2011 at 09:37
Comment…
I was very pleased to find this website. I wanted to thank you for your time for this wonderful post!! I definitely enjoy reading it and I have you bookmarked to check out new stuff you blog post….
八月 12th, 2011 at 10:40
Comment…
I’m experiencing a difficulty with your rss feed . Don’t know why I am not able to subscribe to it. Is there anyone getting equivalent rss problem? Anyone who is aware of kindly respond. Thanks…
八月 12th, 2011 at 15:27
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
八月 13th, 2011 at 18:03
Links…
[... ]Sites of interest we have a link to[... ]……
八月 15th, 2011 at 10:15
Comment…
Rarely do I encounter a blog that’s both educated and entertaining, and let me let you know, you’ve hit the nail on the head. Your idea is excellent; the difficulty is something that not sufficient individuals are talking intelligently about. I’m ver…
八月 15th, 2011 at 10:59
Comment…
This was a really nice post. …
八月 15th, 2011 at 11:27
Comment…
Nice post. I learn something more challenging on different blogs everyday. Thanks for sharing….
八月 15th, 2011 at 11:40
Comment…
Your place is valueble for me. Thanks!……
八月 15th, 2011 at 18:39
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 17th, 2011 at 02:59
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
八月 17th, 2011 at 03:12
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
八月 17th, 2011 at 06:35
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
八月 17th, 2011 at 10:57
Comment…
I really like that. You touched my heart!…
八月 18th, 2011 at 02:27
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 19th, 2011 at 16:55
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 19th, 2011 at 17:19
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 20th, 2011 at 14:49
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
八月 20th, 2011 at 15:22
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
八月 21st, 2011 at 03:13
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
八月 21st, 2011 at 03:38
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 21st, 2011 at 14:40
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
八月 21st, 2011 at 14:55
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 21st, 2011 at 15:07
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
八月 22nd, 2011 at 19:53
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
八月 22nd, 2011 at 20:23
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 23rd, 2011 at 14:14
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
八月 23rd, 2011 at 14:44
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
八月 23rd, 2011 at 17:51
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 23rd, 2011 at 18:21
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
八月 23rd, 2011 at 22:13
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
八月 24th, 2011 at 01:59
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
八月 25th, 2011 at 03:17
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
八月 25th, 2011 at 15:42
Blogs ou should be reading…
[...]Here is a Great Blog You Might Find Interesting that we Encourage You[...]……
八月 26th, 2011 at 06:34
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 26th, 2011 at 13:33
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
八月 27th, 2011 at 01:10
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
八月 28th, 2011 at 03:22
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:05
Comment…
That was clever. I’ll be stopping back….
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:06
Comment…
It’s hard to find knowledgeable people on this topic however you sound like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks…
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:15
Comment…
I enjoy reading a post that will make people think. Also, thanks for allowing me to comment!…
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:17
Comment…
Your place is valueble for me. Thanks!……
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:18
Comment…
Thanks for spending the time to discuss this, I feel strongly about it and love reading more on this topic. …
八月 28th, 2011 at 04:29
Comment…
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything like this before. So nice to find somebody with some original thoughts on this subject. …
八月 28th, 2011 at 12:05
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
八月 29th, 2011 at 14:04
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
八月 29th, 2011 at 14:19
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
八月 29th, 2011 at 16:04
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
八月 29th, 2011 at 17:55
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
八月 29th, 2011 at 23:51
Comment…
An interesting dialogue is worth a comment. I feel that it’s best to write more on this matter, it may not be a taboo subject however generally people are not brave enough to speak on such topics. To the next. Cheers…
八月 30th, 2011 at 00:03
Comment…
Can I simply say what a relief to find someone who truly knows what they’re talking about on the internet. …
八月 30th, 2011 at 01:56
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 03:22
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 10:39
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 12:01
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 12:33
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 13:31
Sources…
[...]check below, are some totally unrelated websites to ours, however, they are most trustworthy sources that we use[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 14:10
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 14:19
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 14:27
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 15:11
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 15:28
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 16:06
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
八月 30th, 2011 at 16:15
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 11:11
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 11:34
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 12:24
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 12:45
Sources…
[...]check below, are some totally unrelated websites to ours, however, they are most trustworthy sources that we use[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 13:29
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 14:09
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 14:30
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 15:20
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 15:57
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 16:22
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 18:59
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 20:10
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 20:50
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
八月 31st, 2011 at 22:50
Best Links 2011…
Hello there, just became aware of your blog through Google, and found that it’s truly informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels. I’ll appreciate if you continue this in the future. A lot of people will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!…
九月 1st, 2011 at 02:29
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 1st, 2011 at 03:54
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
九月 1st, 2011 at 16:59
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 1st, 2011 at 22:04
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 11:28
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 13:16
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 14:50
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 14:59
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 16:59
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 3rd, 2011 at 20:54
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 00:34
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 19:17
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 20:16
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 20:35
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 20:41
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 4th, 2011 at 21:37
Blogs you should be reading………
[...]Here is a good blog you might find interesting that we wanted to let you[...]…..
九月 4th, 2011 at 22:35
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 5th, 2011 at 05:42
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 5th, 2011 at 22:26
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 04:24
Sites we Like……
[...] Every once in a while we choose blogs that we read. Listed below are the latest sites that we choose [...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 06:47
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 13:25
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 14:10
Websites we think you should visit…
[...]although websites we backlink to below are considerably not related to ours, we feel they are actually worth a go through, so have a look[...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 14:53
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 17:37
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
九月 6th, 2011 at 18:33
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 00:04
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 01:25
above suspicion…
Many thanks for your time and efforts to have decided to put these things together on this blog site. Michael and I very much appreciated your insight through the articles in certain things. I know that you have numerous demands with your program hence…
九月 7th, 2011 at 05:34
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 06:14
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 07:12
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 18:38
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 18:43
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 7th, 2011 at 21:09
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 01:49
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 02:10
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 02:15
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 04:54
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 07:43
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 17:09
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 8th, 2011 at 18:31
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 9th, 2011 at 04:21
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 9th, 2011 at 04:25
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
九月 9th, 2011 at 06:15
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 9th, 2011 at 13:57
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 10th, 2011 at 06:58
Online Article……
[...]The information mentioned in the article are some of the best available [...]……
九月 10th, 2011 at 14:19
Gems from the internet…
[...]very little websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of views are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 11th, 2011 at 18:05
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
九月 11th, 2011 at 18:31
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
九月 11th, 2011 at 20:09
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 00:50
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 03:09
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 05:47
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 07:18
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 11:15
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 12th, 2011 at 19:28
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 13th, 2011 at 02:56
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
九月 13th, 2011 at 03:06
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
九月 13th, 2011 at 03:11
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
九月 13th, 2011 at 22:02
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 14th, 2011 at 03:13
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 14th, 2011 at 05:24
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 14th, 2011 at 15:59
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 14th, 2011 at 17:49
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 14th, 2011 at 19:48
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
九月 15th, 2011 at 15:11
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 15th, 2011 at 22:14
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
九月 16th, 2011 at 05:54
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 16th, 2011 at 09:51
Related……
[..] below numerous not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth looking over [...]……
九月 16th, 2011 at 21:23
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 17th, 2011 at 19:05
Sources…
[...]check below, are some totally unrelated websites to ours, however, they are most trustworthy sources that we use[...]……
九月 18th, 2011 at 10:50
Great article today…
Today I found this article and it was really great I just wanted to share…
九月 18th, 2011 at 11:32
above and beyond…
amazing stuff thanx. thanks !! very helpful post great fantastic….
九月 18th, 2011 at 11:48
abrader…
I dont usually reply to posts but I will in this case. WoW. Thank you for posting this, Its just what I was browsing on bing. Id very much rather hear opinions from an individual, rather than a corporate web page, thats why I like blogs so much. Thanks…
九月 18th, 2011 at 21:51
Cool sites…
[... ]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look in the event you want[... ]……
九月 19th, 2011 at 00:46
Super website…
[... ]always a big buff of linking to bloggers i always love but don’t get numerous link love from[... ]……
九月 19th, 2011 at 02:16
Related……
[...]just beneath, are numerous totally not related sites to ours, however, they are surely worth going over[...]……
九月 19th, 2011 at 06:15
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 08:10
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 08:10
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 09:47
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 10:18
Superb website…
[...]always a big fan of linking to bloggers that I love but don’t get a lot of link love from[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 11:48
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 12:41
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 13:25
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 14:33
Awesome website…
[...]the time to read or visit the content or sites we have linked to below the[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 15:54
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 16:26
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 19:15
Cool sites…
[...]we came across a cool site that you might enjoy. Take a look if you want[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 19:23
Recent Blogroll Additions……
[...]usually posts some very interesting stuff like this. If you’re new to this site[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 19:35
Links…
[...]Sites of interest we have a link to[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 19:44
Check this out…
[...] that is the end of this article. Here you’ll find some sites that we think you’ll appreciate, just click the links over[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 20:33
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 20th, 2011 at 21:02
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 08:53
Websites you should visit…
[...]below you’ll find the link to some sites that we think you should visit[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 10:51
Visitor recommendations…
[...]one of our visitors recently recommended the following website[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 11:17
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 12:06
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 19:58
Websites worth visiting…
[...]here are some links to sites that we link to because we think they are worth visiting[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 20:48
You should check this out…
[...] Wonderful story, reckoned we could combine a few unrelated data, nevertheless really worth taking a look, whoa did one learn about Mid East has got more problerms as well [...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 21:19
Great website…
[...]we like to honor many other internet sites on the web, even if they aren’t linked to us, by linking to them. Under are some webpages worth checking out[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 21:25
Gems form the internet…
[...]very few websites that happen to be detailed below, from our point of view are undoubtedly well worth checking out[...]……
九月 22nd, 2011 at 21:29
Read was interesting, stay in touch……
[...]please visit the sites we follow, including this one, as it represents our picks from the web[...]……
九月 24th, 2011 at 04:17
Recommeneded websites…
[...]Here are some of the sites we recommend for our visitors[...]……